Dedicated Police Officers in the Film, End of Watch

End of Watch (Ayer, 2012) is a film which follows the lives of two police officers, partners Brian Taylor and Mike Zavala, in the Los Angeles Police Department. The movie is shot in the style of a documentary and because of this the film centralized on these two officers and their patrols. When the film began Taylor and Zavala had just successfully apprehended two suspects in a high speed car chase which they were praised for by other officers and members of the department. From then on out the officers made a number of impressive arrests, rescues, and discoveries the two partners made throughout the film. Unfortunately for the Taylor and Zavala, their successfulness in investigating and apprehending locations and suspects of a drug ring†¦show more content†¦A handful of less exciting, yet more realistic, aspects of crime were experienced by Taylor and Zavala during the film. They once reported for a noise complaint as well as respond to a welfare check of an elderly woman. There was even discussion between the officers of their difficult and tiresome schedules which added to the stress of Taylor being recently married and Zavala recently becoming a father. These events are more similar to the day-to-day occurrences which police officers deal with in real life. Some of the functions of patrol can be seen in these events, such as, â€Å"[maintaining] public order within the patrol area† and â€Å"[aiding] individuals and care for those who cannot help themselves† (Seigal Worrall, 2012, pg. 207-208). There are also problems of policing found among these events, such as job stress which includes the â€Å"pressure of being on 24 hours per day leads to stress and emotional detachment† (Seigal Worrall, 2012, pg. 259). Incidences like these may more accurately represent more common duties and stressors of police officers. It is clear that crime and criminal behavior are significant in the film. The movie attempted to accurately depict the lives of two police officers working in the Los Angeles Police Department. Of course because it is a film the events were dramatized and exaggerated for theatrical value. When mainstream society views this film it may beShow MoreRelatedThe Case Of The Criminal Justice System3336 Words   |  14 Pagesstage, there are people who are innocent that have pled guilty just so they could be release from jail and go back home to their families, but not all are innocent, only a small amount of these people are. Then there are a ton of these people that end up proceeding through the criminal justice system, which pled not guilty at their arraignment, wanted to proceed to have their case heard by a grand jury and for the most part their cases were indicted by the grand jury. After being indicted, some ofRead MoreHistory and Rolls of Law Enforcement in America10094 Words   |à ‚  41 Pageswant a professional police, with highly trained officers who will rush to our door in emergencies. Weather the reason is crime or catastrophe, like a tornado or a flood, most people breathe a sigh of relief when a police officer appears. America is also a nation founded by rugged indivsualist, who were suspicious of government power. Our founding father feared creation of a national police force. Their devotion to individuals freedom above all else meant that they wanted police under local scrutinyRead MoreHow Batman Has Changed over the Past 70 Years3037 Words   |  12 PagesHow has the Dc Comics superhero Batman changed over the past 70 years? How has design influenced the development of the various costumes for the character and how are Batman films reflecting darker forces within US Society? From Comic book Hero to national icon. Introduction In this dissertation I will discuss how DC Comics have developed and improved the design of their comic books since their establishment in 1937. I will compare comics from past and present and talk about the different stylesRead MoreThe Outsiders By S. E Hinton Essay2486 Words   |  10 PagesYves Belance 28 Nov 2016 V. Minchener Enc11 Research Paper The novel and film, The Outsiders by S. E Hinton, can be composed based on symbols, imagery, characters, and chronology. The Outsiders is a novel and a movie. The novel was written by Susan Eloise Hinton, in 1965, where it took place in Tulsa, Oklahoma. After the book was published the movie, The Outsiders was produced in 1983 directed by Francis Ford Coppola. The author has a great sense of imagery. Ponyboy the narrator of the story usedRead MoreProstitution in India6516 Words   |  27 PagesChild Development  reported the presence of 2.8 million  sex workers  in India, with 35.47 percent of them entering the trade before the age of 18 years.[3][4]  The number of prostitutes has doubled in the last decade.[5] According to a  Human Rights Watch  report, Indian anti-trafficking laws are designed to combat commercialized vice; prostitution, as such, is not illegal. A sex worker can be punished for soliciting or seducing in public, while clients can be punished for sexual activity in proximityRead MoreEffects and Implications of Coalition Governments on the Political Scnerio in India16277 Words   |  66 PagesCentral Bureau of Investigation, and several people including the Samata Party ex-treasurer R.K. Jain have been arrested. Others named in the First Information Report include politicians George Fernandes and Jaya Jaitley, and arms dealer and ex-naval officer Suresh Nanda, who is the son of retired chief of naval staff S.M. Nanda. The Barak missile system (jointly developed by Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI) and RAFAEL Armament Development Authority of Israel) employs vertically launched missiles to counterRead MoreDemocratic Leadership Style With Your Best Judgment Essay3553 Words   |  15 Pagestheir personalities and gain from whomever they can. 4. A pat on the back is all you need Eisenhower helped resolve not with motivational talks, but rather with straightforward, fair, clear discussions. As opposed to giving out trophies, he gave his officers empowering praises. It was an unassuming, coordinate method for connecting, and it made him a most loved of the troops. Leaders don t have to light firecrackers to remunerate diligent work and devotion. Legitimate, significant discussion and theRead MoreThe Rise and Rule of Single-Party States7795 Words   |  32 PagesParagraph: Cult of Personality †¢ Mussolini drew a wide assortment of support from different sections of Italian society. He was seen as a defender of private property and the social order. He organized the Fascio di Combattimento into an anti-socialist police force. †¢ Paragraph: March on Rome †¢ By Autumn 1922, the fascists felt strong enough to bid for power. 50,000 fascists took to the countryside and marched on Rome. These were poorly organized and easily stopped. However, the King refused to give theRead MoreBlack Mirror : A Look Into Memory6065 Words   |  25 PagesLiam enters the taxi and can use his grain, he is first forced to watch a commercial which states, Live, breathe, smell. Full spectrum memory. You can get a willow grain upgrade for less than the price of a daily cup of coffee, and three decades of backup for free. In-store, in-grain procedure with local anesthetic and you are good to go. Because memory is for living. (â€Å"The Entire History of You†) The statement at the end of this advertisement represents the strong societal push to haveRead MoreEssay on Comparison of Mussolini and Hitler4381 Words   |  18 Pagesabout 1925. In 1919 Mussolini and other veterans from the war founded a revolutiona ry, nationalistic group called the Fasci di Combattimento in Milan. His movement gained the support of many landowners in the lower Po valley, industrialists, and army officers. Fascist blackshirt squads carried on local civil was against Socialists, Communists, Catholics, and Liberals. On Oct. 28, 1922, after the Fascists had marched on Rome, Mussolini secured a mandate from King Victor Emmanual lll to form a coalition

What Kind Of Relationships Can Proportions Represent

What kind of relationships can proportions represent? Students will be able to solve and apply proportions AI.L.3: Represent real-world and other mathematical problems using an algebraic proportion that leads to a linear equation and solve such problems. AI.L.11: Solve equations and formulas for a specified variable, including equations with coefficients represented by variables. They need to know how to solve equations with fractions. They also need to know how to multiply fractions and divide integers. Bell-Ringer/Warm-up/Hook: Warm Up 10minutes The bell ringer â€Å"Warm Up† is my spiral activity. I always start the class with problems from the previous class. Because the topics in this unit build on each other, the warm up is also my†¦show more content†¦During this lesson I will give the class the option of having me read the first one or taking a volunteer. Either way, I will allow the class a minute of two to read the questions quietly on their own before it is read aloud. After the word problems I will use the gradual release method to make sure the class completely understands how to cross-multiply and divide to solve proportions. After we understand the method, I will increase the difficulty on the problems by introducing proportions with sums or differences in one of the numerators. The final type of proportions will have a sum or difference in both numerators. This type of problem asks students to rely on the concept more than the others because they are theoretical proportions and have fewer applications. Independent Practice: 15 minutes The assignment only has 15 questions on it, but it is likely that most students will do more than 15 questions because they have to get the question correct in order to move on. The attached assignment will look similar to the student’s assignment but it will not be the exact same because mathXL generates different problems for each student. The assignment will be on mathXL. Students need to go to their internet browser, type in pearsoneasybridge.com to get there. We have used this website a lot this year so they wont need very many directions for how to find the assignment. MathXL is a great program

Marketing Strategy Southern Ocean Lodge

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategy for Southern Ocean Lodge. Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to develop a clear and concise concept of marketing strategies of an organization. Southern Ocean Lodge, a tourist hotel in Australia has been selected as the case study for this report. A detailed analysis of the market segmentation where this hotel operates shall be done in this report. In order to understand the strategic planning of an organization, it is important to take a note of the market where the organization operates along with the targeted consumers. The business of an organization largely depends on the behavior of the customers. Therefore, it is important that the marketing strategies that an organization undertakes should be based on the behavior of the consumers. Following the findings of the internal and external factors that affect the marketing of this lodge, certain recommendations will also be made in this report. Southern Ocean Lodge is a luxury lodge that offers true luxury and unique experience to its visitors. The lodge is located on Kangaroo Island in Hanson Bay in South Australia. The lodge offers excellence service to its visitors. The lodge located on scrub covered cliffs above the pounding surf; this hotel is a boutique hotel and is an exquisite designer heaven. There are 21 luxurious rooms that the lodge offers and is endowed by lavish King bed and dramatic glass walled bathroom and outdoor terrace (southernoceanlodge.com.au, 2016). The objective of the organization is to provide more than just accommodation to its visitors. Clear and concise description of the market in which the organization operates Southern Ocean Lodge operates at the Hudson Bay on the Kangaroo Island in South Australia. It is one of the important and attractive tourist spot in Australia. Kangaroo Island is the third largest island in Australia. The land belonged to the Australian aborigines but now it is a land open to the Australians. This part is considered as the heaven of the visitors. There are number of holiday resorts in the Island. In the peak seasons of holidays, the number of bookings for the hotel rooms increases by many folds and even situation arises when there happen to be a crisis of the availability of rooms in the hotels and resorts (Ryan 2014). Therefore, it can be easily said that the demand of rooms and lodging is always high and there is a great market for these boutique hotels in this part of the country. A detail description of the market can be made by the means of micro and macro environmental analysis. Summary of the marketing environment Micro environmental analysis: Power of Suppliers The suppliers of a tourist resort that affect the marketing of the organization are the advertising, PR and marketing agency. As commented by Best (2012), that marketing and advertisement help an organization to increase its business. Therefore, the power of these suppliers automatically increases. Power of Buyers The buyers are the prospected consumers or visitors of the hotel. In the view point of Solomon (2014), buyers power is the most impactful criteria in the business. In case of a hotel or a tourist lodge, the demand regarding discount or personalization of the surrounding always remains a criterion. These factors impact the business of a hotel or a tourist lodge. Threats of Substitution Australia and New Zealand are famous for boutique hotels that provide a thematic and personalized experience to the visitors. However, other big hotels and lodges or guest rooms also remain an option for the visitors (Mullins, Walker and Boyd 2012). Threat of New Entrants In the recent situation there remains a threat for opening of new Hotels in Australia like Peppers Docklands Hotel in Victoria, Melbourne; Elements of Byron Bay on the beach at Byron Bay are some of the new projects that might affect the business of Southern Ocean Lodge (Chari et al. 2014). Competitive Rivalry Kangaroo Island Seafront Resort, life Time Private retreats, Ozone Hotel Kangaroo Island and others offer great price in accommodation and other attractive facilities like free Wi-Fi and complementary breakfast to its visitors. Fig: Porters Five Forces Analysis Source: Created by the author Macro environmental analysis: Political Australia is politically stable and the corporate decisions are not changed at a regular basis. In addition to this, the country is also open to FDI and welcomes companies from outside to do business. The government also allows Visa to the prospected visitors or tourists (Green, Whitten and Inman 2012). These factors create a positive implication on tourism industry. Economic Australia has a stable Economic growth and its GDP is higher than major European countries. Cost of living in cities like Victoria or Melbourne is less than other countries worldwide. The currency exchange rate is also favorable (Weidner and Jnicke 2013). The low-cost commercial properties in Australia welcome Asians and others to do business in Australia. It has been also estimated that the capital growth of the country raised by 36% approx (Zarrella 2013). Socio-cultural In terms of the population of Australia, it consists of Anglicon, Roman Catholic, Christian and others. Another important factor that impacts the hotel or the tourism industry is the incoming of tourists (Gabrielsson et al. 2012). Australia is also an important sector for foreign students who come to the country for education purpose. Technological Technologically Australia is equally advanced like other developed countries. People are active on internet and use the social media sites considerably. Any kind of marketing that shall be done using the media shall be very successful. Legal The taxes including corporate tax, goods and services tax, Capital gain tax and other business related taxes that are applicable for the business in Australia impact the tourism business in Australia (Harvey Lemelin et al. 2013). Australia also offers mortgage facility that offers companies from other countries to operate in the country. Environmental Australia naturally has a diverse environment of beaches and seas and mountains as well. It is one the major tourists location that attracts tourists from around the globe. These factors automatically increase the opportunity of tourism and hotel or tourists lodge business (Laidlaw et al. 2014). Fig: PESTLE analysis of Southern Ocean Lodge Source: Created by the author Fig: GDP of Australia Source: (Ruhanen, Whitford and McLennan 2016) Detailed description of how the market is (or may be) segmented The target visitors of the Southern Ocean Lodge Australia are the ones who look for a comfortable and personalized stay at a hotel. The difference between a regular hotel and a boutique hotel is the kind of treatment that the guests receive (Tisdell and Wilson 2012). Therefore, it can be said that the major targeted customers of the lodge are the ones who want a personalized stay. These groups of people might include newlywed couple, tourists and visitors from other countries, people who want to celebrate the special days of their life like anniversary or a success party. It has been found that the students who come to Australia from countries like India, China; they are also the prospected visitors of this lodge (southernoceanlodge.com.au, 2016). The lodge mainly targets those people who visit the Hudson Bay and the Kangaroo Island and the other neighboring places of tourists attraction. The tourists that visit these places are the targeted and estimated that they shall be the visitors of the lodge (Cozens and Tarca 2016). In order to target these groups of people the resort mainly uses the on-site promotional technique. There are big hoardings and banners located at the Kangaroo beach that informs the tourists about the existence of the resort at that location. Apart from this, the resort offers complete description of their business in their website as well. Brief discussion of the behavior of customers in the segment(s) identified As pointed out by Ruhanen, Whitford and McLennan (2016), that every customer is different because of the nature of their behavior. It falls under the responsibility of the marketers of a particular company or organization to understand the behavior of the prospected consumers and design their marketing that shall help to attract the targeted consumers (Haines and McConnell 2016). The expected behavior and liking of the prospected visitors or consumers of the hotel can be described here: Newlywed couples: For a newlywed couple, the first tour or holiday is always special for them. In order to make their holiday memorable, these people tend to look something different than the regular things (Nicholls, Sharma and Saha 2015). Therefore, it is expected that they shall look for a kind of unique experience for their stay. It is for the same reason the resort shall focus on the personalization of their service based on the need and requirement of the clients. Tourists: There are many tourists who visit Australia from various part of the globe. Apart from the beauty of nature that the country offers its visitors, expectations remain high in respect to their stay and level of comfort that they gain in a hotel. Staying in a regular hotel is a common thing that is available in all parts of the world (Airey and Ruhanen 2013). However, New Zealand and Australia are the places that are famous for the boutique hotels and the personalization of stay that some of the hotels here in Australia offer. Therefore, understanding the needs of these tourists is very important because in case of tourism business, word of mouth publicity matters the most. If a person like the treatment received at the hotel, there is a great possibility that the person shall talk good about the resort (Packer, Ballantyne and Hughes 2014). This could be one of the important marketing methods that might help the resort to improve the business. People celebrating special occasion: People who wants to celebrate some kind of occasion such as anniversary, birthday or even a success party always look for a personal place where they shall not be interfered by other people. In such situations, these boutique hotels are preferred by the people (Hardiman and Burgin 2016). Although Southern Ocean Lodge has a limited number of rooms to offer, visitors might use this resort to celebrate their special days and create moment. Others: Other expected people include the students or the parents of these students. The tourism industry of Australia is greatly influenced by the foreign students and the country earns good foreign exchange from these people. In case of the foreign students like the Indians, they like to discover the uniqueness of a particular place (Packer, Ballantyne and Hughes 2014). This attitude of these people might increase the demand of the resorts and boutique hotels. Fig: Tourism statistics in Australia Source: (Abascal, Fluker. and Jiang 2016) Description of the marketing mix being used by the organization to target these segments The marketing mix of the lodge can be narrated by using the 4Ps of marketing: Product Southern Ocean Lodge offers services of staying at the hotel to its visitors. The hotel is a boutique lodge and offers a personalized stay to the visitors. The hotel is famous for its lavish suites and a luxury stay that the visitors enjoy when they select this lodge for their stay (Schweinsberg, Wearing and Darcy 2012). The lodge also offers great cuisine to its guests. Food ranging from continental, Chinese and Western items, the lodge offers a variety of fancy food to their customers (Abascal, Fluker. and Jiang 2016). Apart from the rooms, the lodge also has the facility of a swimming pool and a terrace that adds to the excellence staying experience of the visitors. Place The resort is located at the Hudson Bay in the Kangaroo Island in Australia. It is one of the important tourists destinations in Australia. Both Australians and other tourists or native people are found to visit this place as a part of their recreation activities. In the view point of Amelung and Nicholls (2014), Kangaroo island is the epitome of variety because of the presence of a pristine number of beaches, underground caves, gourmet local food and delicacies along with darling waddled water offers the tourists with the pleasure that one desires. Price The rate of the rooms of the hotel ranges from $ 1,000 to $ 3,900 for a single night stay per person. The rate differs according to the demand and needs of the visitors (southernoceanlodge.com.au, 2016). The price of the lodge is comparatively higher than other local lodges like Kangaroo Island Seaside Inn or the Western View lodge but with the kind of service that the lodge provides to its visitors, the rate does not affect the business of the lodge. Promotion The resort focuses more on on-spot promotion. Advertisements and promotion are mainly outdoor advertisements that include hoardings, banners, kiosks, billboards etc (Schweinsberg, Wearing and Darcy 2012). No promotion based on television commercial is used. The website of the lodge is nicely designed that provides all kinds of information to the on lookers (Moore, Rodger and Taplin 2015). The website also offers booking facility. However, the lodge does not use the social media effectively for its promotional activities. The resort also gives less discounts and offers compared to the other resorts of same genre (Tisdell and Wilson 2012). Fig: Marketing Mix analysis of Southern Ocean Lodge Source: Created by the author Conclusion The analysis of the internal and the external factors that influence the business of the Southern Ocean Lodge has been discussed in the report. It has been found that the prospected customers or the visitors of the lodge are the ones who want special kind of treatment and an experience that they might not have experienced before. The behavior of the identified visitors has also been analyzed and it has been found that the major targeted people are the ones who want to have a personalized experience of their stay. Therefore, any kind of marketing strategy that the lodge shall undertake should target these groups of people and portray the same thing to them. Conducting the market analysis, it has been found that the Kangaroo Island is a famous tourist spot and it attracts many tourists every year. At major time of the year, the lodges and the resorts fail to provide accommodation facility to the tourists. Keeping the same factor in mind, it can be said that there is a greater opportunity for the business to prosper which could give rise to the entrant of a number of new hotels and resorts in the Kangaroo Island. Therefore, the Southern Ocean Lodge might have to face tough competition in the future to attract major visitors or customers to the lodge. By keeping all these factors in mind, certain recommendations can be made that shall help the resort to conduct their marketing process to improve their business. Recommendation for improvements to the organizations marketing effort The prospected market has been recognized and the marketing shall be made on the basis of that. A number of recommendations can be made in this respect. These are: Promotion using social media: The advent and the impact of the social media like Facebook, Twitter cannot be neglected. With the increasing usage of these sites among a large number people, mass marketing can be easily done. It is expected that the lodge must use its Facebook page effectively. The marketing team has to be active enough to promote every activity about the hotel and increase the reach of the publicity to the greatest number of people as possible. Promotion using the search engines: The marketing procedure might include writing of blogs and articles and publish the same in the search engines like Google. If the searching process can be enhanced then there remains great possibility that many people could get to know about the hotel. It is also recommended that these pages shall have a direct link of the web site of the hotel with the help of which a person can directly get access to the website of hotel. Promotion at the foreign market: It has to be understood that there are many visitors who are from other countries like India or European countries. Therefore, marketing about the hotel in the foreign market is also important. The promotional method might be a bit expensive but it could fetch the desired customers that can add to the profit of the business. Promotion by the means of offering discount and packages: One of the important ways to fight against the competitive market is by offering certain things to the customers that other hotels or lodges do not offer to the visitors. The Southern Ocean Lodge should come up with a number of strategies that shall deliver discounts and offers to the visitors of the hotel. This way they can easily attract more customers and fight with the competitors as well. By the use other channels of marketing: In order to attract the local people of the place, the resort might use other channels of marketing. These channels include television advertisement or print advertisements in newspaper and magazines. In the seasons of holiday, the frequency of the advertisement might be increased to attract more tourists. By adopting a number of CSR strategies: One of the key efforts that bring prosperity in the business is by adopting a number of ways to perform corporate social responsibilities. It is recommended that the lodge shall undertake a number of CSR activities like involvement in community development or certain other approaches in the foreign countries like investing in the development of the condition of the people of that country might also act as a marketing tool for the resort. End note: The recommendations made in this report are suggested keeping the complete scenario of the market operation of the lodge. It can be said that there is a great scope of these industry in the market of Australia. If the marketing is done in a proper way, it the lodge can easily gain the required things that shall help the lodge to improve its business. Marketing is an important part of business and cannot be neglected at any cost. It is expected that an organization have to spend a good amount of money in the marketing and promotional part to improve the profit of the business. The same can be applied for this lodge. If the lodge uses the recommended marketing, it shall be prosperous for the resort in future business. References: Abascal, T.E., Fluker, M. and Jiang, M., 2016. Domestic demand for Indigenous tourism in Australia: understanding intention to participate.Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-19. Airey, D. and Ruhanen, L., 2013. Tourism policy-making in Australia.CAUTHE 2013: Tourism and Global Change: On the Edge of Something Big, p.4. Amelung, B. and Nicholls, S., 2014. Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia.Tourism Management,41, pp.228-244. Best, R., 2012.Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. Chari, S., Katsikeas, C.S., Balabanis, G. and Robson, M.J., 2014. Emergent marketing strategies and performance: the effects of market uncertainty and strategic feedback systems.British Journal of Management,25(2), pp.145-165. Cozens, P. and Tarca, M., 2016. Exploring housing maintenance and vacancy in Western Australia: perceptions of crime and crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED).Property Management,34(3). Gabrielsson, P., Gabrielsson, M. and Seppala, T., 2012. Marketing strategies for foreign expansion of companies originating in small and open economies: the consequences of strategic fit and performance.Journal of International Marketing,20(2), pp.25-48. Green, K.W., Whitten, D. and Inman, R.A., 2012. Aligning marketing strategies throughout the supply chain to enhance performance.Industrial Marketing Management,41(6), pp.1008-1018. Haines, F. and McConnell, D., 2016. Environmental norms and electricity supply: an analysis of normative change and household solar PV in Australia.Environmental Sociology, pp.1-11. Hardiman, N. and Burgin, S., 2016. Nature tourism trends in Australia with reference to the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area.Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Harvey Lemelin, R., Powys Whyte, K., Johansen, K., Higgins Desbiolles, F., Wilson, C. and Hemming, S., 2013. Conflicts, battlefields, indigenous peoples and tourism: addressing dissonant heritage in warfare tourism in Australia and North America in the twenty-first century.International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research,7(3), pp.257-271. Laidlaw, M.A.S., Zahran, S., Pingitore, N., Clague, J., Devlin, G. and Taylor, M.P., 2014. Identification of lead sources in residential environments: Sydney Australia.Environmental Pollution,184, pp.238-246. Moore, S.A., Rodger, K. and Taplin, R., 2015. Moving beyond visitor satisfaction to loyalty in nature-based tourism: a review and research agenda.Current Issues in Tourism,18(7), pp.667-683. Mullins, J., Walker, O.C. and Boyd Jr, H.W., 2012.Marketing management: A strategic decision-making approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Nicholls, A., Sharma, R. and Saha, T.K., 2015. Financial and environmental analysis of rooftop photovoltaic installations with battery storage in Australia.Applied Energy,159, pp.252-264. Packer, J., Ballantyne, R. and Hughes, K., 2014. Chinese and Australian tourists' attitudes to nature, animals and environmental issues: Implications for the design of nature-based tourism experiences.Tourism Management,44, pp.101-107. Ruhanen, L., Whitford, M. and McLennan, C.L., 2016. Indigenous tourism in Australia: Time for a reality check.Tourism Management,48, pp.73-83. Ryan, D., 2014.Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Schweinsberg, S.C., Wearing, S.L. and Darcy, S., 2012. Understanding communities views of nature in rural industry renewal: the transition from forestry to nature-based tourism in Eden, Australia.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,20(2), pp.195-213. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: prentice Hall. Tisdell, C.A. and Wilson, C., 2012.Nature-based tourism and conservation: New economic insights and case studies. Edward Elgar Publishing. Weidner, H. and Jnicke, M. eds., 2013.Capacity building in national environmental policy: A comparative study of 17 countries. Springer Science Business Media. Zarrella, D., 2013.The science of marketing: when to tweet, what to post, how to blog, and other proven strategies. Wiley Publishing.

Student Roles and Responsibilities for the Master of Counseling Marria Essay Example For Students

Student Roles and Responsibilities for the Master of Counseling Marria Essay ge, Family and Child Therapy Specialty Student Roles and Responsibilities for the Master of Counseling Marria Essayge, Family and Child Therapy Specialty Daniel Kimball May 4, 1996 HCS 500 Introduction to Graduate Studies Instructor: Mark A. Nichols We will write a custom essay on Student Roles and Responsibilities for the Master of Counseling Marria specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The student roles and responsibilities of the Masters of Counseling in Marriage, Family and Child Therapy (MCMFCT) at the University of Phoenix are to advance competent and ethical practitioners in family, couple and individual therapy in a variety of settings. By following the programs defined curriculum for professional role development, the successful graduate will be able to provide counseling services in accordance with the highest ethical and professional standards (Master of Counseling Program Handbook, p. 7). To achieve this end, the student must adopt and synthesize the professional and ethical standards of the program into his own academic and personal development. He must develop and demonstrate a broad base of theoretical knowledge and therapeutic skills combined with his own ethical judgment and counseling expertise. The student is responsible for maintaining a grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 or better to indicate a foundation of behavioral and social sciences, developmental theories as well as principles and practices for planning, initiating and evaluating therapeutic roles. In addition, a GPA of 3.0 or better must be maintained in all clinical courses to display excellence in standards and competence as a counseling professional. Failure to maintain the expected grading requirement will result in academic probation. In addition to the above criteria, the student must demonstrate excellent written and oral communication skills, group participation, interpersonal skills, analysis and problem solving skills, counseling skills, and professional development specific to the program objectives. These areas are addressed and evaluated in three portfolio review courses, each of which is pass/fail. The students leadership, interpersonal skills, self-direction, self- awareness and personal growth should reflect the programs philosophical and ethical principles to ensure his development as a competent professional. (University of Phoenix Handbook, 1996). Ethical standards and the responsibility of protecting the rights of clients must follow the AAMFT Code of Ethics and be reflected in the students own actions and belief system. (University of Phoenix Handbook, 1995). Students are to maintain client confidentiality, and understand that clinical data should only be used to aid in the learning process. Students must develop and maintain appropriate confidentiality in creating, storing, and disposing of records as well as in written or communicated information to others (HCS500, Ethical Standards, 1988). Summary The U of P MCMFCT roles and responsibilities are to promote excellence in ethical standards and professional development within the MCMFCT graduate. They are trained in providing couple family and individual assessment and counseling with diverse populations. They are trained in family systems, consultation, research and intervention services to advance profession of the marriage, family and child therapy specialty. References Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (4th ed. ). (1995). Washington, DC. American Psychological Association. HCS 500 Introduction to Graduate Studies (1996) Ethical Standards(1988, March) pp. 1-4. University of Phoenix (1995). Program handbook. Master of Counseling: UMBX, p. 2-38. .

Outlining your argument Essay Example

Outlining your argument Essay The NY Soda Ban can be viewed in many different ways with many different understandings. Some people view the Soda Ban as a good thing, while others see it as just another restriction. Body Part I al. State your claim a. The NYC Soda ban is not as bad as it may seem, and in fact it may prove to be a good thing; it shows the public that the soda ban was implemented for a better cause Ill. Point A A. Make your first point a. The soda ban can help save the lives of obese people by preventing them from doing more harm to their bodies B. Support your first point a. Not allowing people to buy ignoramus sodas will help reduce the amount of sugar and harmful materials put into a humans body IV. Counterpoint A. Present first counterpoint a. The NYC Soda ban is a bad idea, and wouldnt be in the best favor of the people; they think the soda ban is only tying to limit the citizens freedom. B. Support first counterpoint a. Instead of thinking of the healthy benefits of the soda ban, people will only think of being controlled more and forced to do more things. V. Rebuttal A A. We will write a custom essay sample on Outlining your argument specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outlining your argument specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outlining your argument specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer State first rebuttal point a. Some may view this ban in different ways. Some people think about the health benefits. Some people think about the government restricting us more. Others just think that they can get around the ban by spending more money and buying two sodas. IX. Conclusion a. No matter what there is going to be different sides and views of the soda ban. Whether you believe it is for the betterment of our country or only trying to control the people more, the soda ban is real and is a part of this country.

Pepsin Experiment

Pepsin Experiment Aim: To see how effectively the enzyme (pepsin) will work in different concentrates of acid. Also to determine if the enzyme becomes denatured.Prediction: Enzymes are proteins. The functions of an enzyme is determined by the shape of the protein. The arrangement of molecules on the enzyme produce an area known as the active site in which the specific substrate(s) will "fit". It recognises, confines and orients the substrates in a particular direction.Enzymes allow many chemical reactions to occur within the homeostasis constraints of a living system. Enzymes function as an organic catalysts. A catalyst is chemical involved in, but not changed by, a chemical reaction. Many enzymes function by lowering the activation energy in reactions. By bringing the reactants closer together, chemical bonds may be weaken and reactions will proceed faster than without a catalysts.Enzymes can act rapidly, as in the case of carbonic anhydrase, which causes the chemicals to react 107 times faster than without the enzymes present.English: Chemical reaction catalyzed by the lactas...Carbonic anhydrase speeds up the transfer of carbon dioxide from cells to the blood. There are over 2000 known enzymes, each of which are involved with one specific chemical reaction. Enzymes are substrate specific. The enzyme peptidase (which breaks peptide bonds in proteins) will not work on starch (which is broke down by human-produced amylase in the mouth).Increase in temperature will speed up the rate of non-enzyme mediated reactions, and so temperature increase speeds up the enzyme mediated reaction, but only to a certain point. When heated too much, enzymes become denatured, because they are proteins dependant on the shape. When/if the temperature drops, the enzyme regains its original shape. Concentration of substrate and product also controls the rate of the reaction, providing biofeedback mechanism.Changes in pH will also denature the enzyme, by changing the shape...

Homosexuality & American Psychiatry by Ronald Bayer Essay

Homosexuality & American Psychiatry by Ronald Bayer - Essay Example Traditional Values Coalition (TVC) claims that the removal of homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) list is a political decision without any scientific foundation, no more than a victory of harmful â€Å"homosexual urban legends that have infiltrated every aspect of our culture† (TVC). The declaration does not oppose Bayer’s claims directly; rather, the author uses Bayer’s book as evidence. However, it does oppose Bayer’s stance on the changes in APA in 1972, cutting only the most dramatic passage out of the context. From the perspective of logic, this is an example of ambiguity created by quoting out of context (Gula 97). The declaration of TVC cites the passage in which Bayer really describes the behavior of homosexual activists as violent: they â€Å"attacked† APA in 1970 and â€Å"greeted the speaker† on the Association’s conference with exclamation about Auschwitz and the swearwords lik e â€Å"motherfucker† (Bayer 103). TVC’s article covers neither the pretext of such violent actions nor the aggressive behavior of some APA members described by Bayer. Furthermore, the article and the book are parts of the discourses that oppose each other, one claiming that homosexuality is a disease (TVC) and the other implying that this is a variation of normal sexual habit (Bayer). In the TVC article, the following claims about the issue are made: 1) Homosexuality was removed from the DSM list under the political pressure and without any significant scientific support. An instructive example is how both sides of the debate speculate about the lack of firsthand expert evidence from the APA members. To Bayer, Kent Robinson (who had never been an expert in homosexuality) is a disinterested scientist helping the fighters for human rights: â€Å"Since Robinson knew no homosexual psychiatrists, he somewhat reluctantly agreed to chair the gay panel† (104). However, to Socarides, one of the most active supporters of the TVC line, Spitzer’s lack of background in the studies of homosexuality is only the sign of professional incompetence of the APA member: â€Å"Spitzer, who to my knowledge had never previously published a single article on homosexuality or the sexual deviations, had composed a position paper on the meaning and content of homosexuality† (Socarides). 2) The imbalance of power was on the side of homose xual activists (who â€Å"threatened† APA) - hence the â€Å"Trojan Horse† metaphor: â€Å"For the next 18 years, the APA decision served as a Trojan horse, opening the gates to widespread psychological and social change in sexual customs and mores† (TVC). It follows that the change was not relevant to the needs of the society but was only the manipulation of a small group. 3) Diagnosing homosexuality as a mental disorder helps homosexuals. The Accuracy of the Review The accuracy of any review quoting only small part of the source is doubtful at best. The TVC’s review is accurate in citing facts; still, it is entirely misleading about the assessment of those facts. It

Organizational Policy and Strategy of Southwest Airlines Case Study

Organizational Policy and Strategy of Southwest Airlines - Case Study Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that to meet the challenges of the time, the company exuded confidence by not only increasing the number of flights but it also went in for employment for more workers. This action of the company provided it with the competitive edge because the other airlines were not only reducing the flights but they had also laid off a considerable number of workers. This resulted in a significant increase in its market position and at the same time, considerably improved the management relations with the labor unions. The major factor that led to Southwest’s success was its policy of acknowledging the human behavior and maintain non-attrition by not laying off the staff. The company’s strategy was to increase the number of customer service agents so that the passengers could get improved personal service and emotional support and security at the crisis time. The organizational culture of the company promoted the concept of a ‘big fami ly’ and therefore the workforce was more conscientious and worked harder during the tough time which led to the improved performance of the company. After the probation period of six months, all the employees of the airlines become eligible for ‘Southwest’s profit-sharing plan’ that greatly motivates the workforce. Another factor that contributed towards the success was its better relations with the labor unions. The role of the union has become critical to the wider interest of the human capital employed across the organizations. The collective bargaining of the union has greatly facilitated the welfare of the workforce and has promoted their interest amongst the management.

The four basic health care system models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The four basic health care system models - Essay Example Bismarck model that compiles to the Germany, France, Netherlands and other countries’ health care system is fairly similar to the American health care system that uses insurance policies to cover people’s health as a multi-payer model. Similarly, Bismarck model is strictly government run and non-profitable funded jointly by employees and employers (Boboc & TÃŒ §itÃŒ §an, 2014). Comparatively, Beverage model is a Britain, Spain and New Zealand oriented and nationalized health care that is financed and provided by the government. Beverage model focuses on the highest quality of services by controlling the sole tax payers and what the health providers can offer. In contrast, National Insurance Model contains some components of both Bismarck and Beverage models involving private-sector providers where the beneficiaries are able to negotiate for the services rendered at the best and affordable prices (Health Disparities Conference & Wallace, 2008). However, the health care cost within the national care model is regulated by the government especially adopted in Canada and South Korea. In contrast, The Out-of-Pocket Model is applied in most developing with disorganized health care systems to provide mass health care services. Unlike other health care models, the Out-of Pocket model is adopted in rural area of South America, China and Africa. Nevertheless, this kind of health care model does not provide health care for all citizens (Boboc & TÃŒ §itÃŒ §an, 2014). The future American healthcare system should combine the elements of both health care models to cover the health care from cradle to the grave for all American individuals. Similarly, the future American health system should centrally focus on preventive services directed towards improving health and driving down costs in long term where the United State citizens’ priorities and health concerns are invested in and

Advantages and Disadvantages of ICT in the Social World

Advantages and Disadvantages of ICT in the Social World ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURRENT INFOMATION TECHNOLOGY IN RELATION TO COMMUNICATION. Introduction. Information Technology has rapidly changed the way how people communicate in the last two decades. Just consider the concept of IT communications on the society it is apparent that it has been changed the way how it affects business and social and personal lives. People can communicate now either by telephonic connection to talk or send messages, or over internet link to nearly anywhere in the world. Also order a huge number of items from any place on planet to do the business. This report will explain advantages and disadvantages of ICT (Information Communication Technology) in the business world and social live in society. Advantages. The new electronic independence re-creates the world in the image of a global village. Mc Luhan, M. 1964, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man Published by McGraw-Hill. Marshall McLuhan speaks about Global village in 1960s and his quote became reality in todays living. There are advantages using Information Communication Technology: Communication Speed/time and money can be saved because it is much quicker to send/share information around. Communication is more efficient to contact either business partners or friends and family members all over the world. ICT expands availability for communications. Social network sites and Social media such as Skype allows making video-conference calls with immediate response. Messages can be send to numerous people/companies across distances. Lives have been affected by ICT in most positive ways bringing families together across the world. Cost effectiveness Numerous offers from telecommunication companies and smart phones therefore making far cheaper than in the past. For business ICT saves incredible amount of money on business flights and accommodations. Only few years ago there was no way to send free message through to the phone, but now people uses social network for free communication e.g. Viber, Skype, Facebook. Saving time and money for petrol as people can go shopping from home through online shopping. Greater availability Websites are open for communication in every minute of the year. This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere giving a customer the capability to make purchase from different sites and different countries. Bridging the cultural gap Greater access to the ICT has helped to build the bridges between different cultures giving them opportunity to exchange views and ideas. Also, educate both sides of communication bridge thereby increasing awareness and reducing prejudice. Creation of jobs The best advantage of ICT has been a creation of new and interesting jobs in IT sectors. Computer programmers, web designers etc. have great employment opportunities created through the advancement of technology. Education There is new opportunity for further education to improve qualification in so many economic sectors. A degree can be completed online from persons home. It is possible to hold a job and still do degree. Disadvantages. Lack of Security/Privacy Though IT may have changed and more convenient, it also brought along privacy and security issues. From email hacking, phone signal interception etc. people are worried that personal information may become public knowledge. IT keeps changing almost every day which means that the individuals must be up to date in IT to secure their jobs. There is also risk factors with the systems computer viruses, malware, spam, Trojans etc., attacking. Unemployment While IT may have streamlined the business process, it has created job redundancies and subcontracting. Using the computers instead of human resources employers save huge amount of money but employees are losing their jobs as not needed anymore. Social media The network pages are open to everyone including teenagers and young childrens which can affect their mental and physical health by watching and playing violent games. They became addicted to the phones, iPod, gaming consoles forgetting about outside activities and communication in the society. Cyber bulling It is so easy now bullying and threatening others in social network pages that this has become much easier for internet users all over the world. They dont realize what the consequences are to those reading/hearing unpleasant comments. In the recent past there have been so many investigation cases regarding cyber bullying with lethal consequences. Avoid hurting someones feelings by emails or other forms of electronic communication; Respect other peoples online rights; Avoid insulting someone; If someone insults you be calm; Avoid crashing discussion groups or fora; Respect the privacy of other people online; Be responsible online. Ref.http://www.garda.ie/Documents/ Reliance on technology People dont bother to read, calculate or write without computers anymore in same time losing abilities of hand writing (why write if can use spell-checker), calculate without calculator even for minor addition, reading books (why read if there so much information in internet). Conclusion The abovementioned has explained numerous advantages and disadvantages that are increasing as the technology improves. People must be cautious with how and who they give in the personal information to. The list can be endless. What happens in the future; will advantages outweigh disadvantages? Who will win in this battle, computers or human beings, and how much will be lost in this battle remains to be seen. Bibliography Tutor notes http://cyberbullying.org/ Mc Luhan, M. 1964, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man Published by McGraw-Hill. http://www.garda.ie/ http://bookboon.com/

Laundry service Industry Essay

India has a huge market for laundry business which is yet to be tapped to its potential. However, with the coming up of a number of hospitals & hotels and even the Indian Railways turning to outsourcing of laundry activities, the industrial laundry sector in India is attracting foreign players. The hotel industry is witnessing a growing trend towards outsourcing its laundry. India is expected to add another 90,000 hotel rooms over the next five years, all of which are in the private sector, especially to meet the tourism demand. In 2010, 10 million people are expected to visit India. The Indian Railways run approximately 12,000 trains every day. The capacity is to carry 1. 4 Crore passengers/day. It employs around 17 lakh employees (10 lakh in Group C), including 10,000 officers. This presents a huge benefit to global players to quickly set up their laundries in India, and cater to the ever growing market. The healthcare industry, the upcoming and the existing, has started outsourcing laundry services. This sector which has been registering a growth of 9. 3% per annum between 2000 and 2009 is projected to grow by 15% per annum by 2013. Laundry services in India are classified into Industrial Laundry and Retail Laundry. Industrial laundry is in its infant stage with major demand coming from hospitals and hotels which have their in-house laundry. Retail laundry is a much organised market with some professionally managed companies catering to the retail needs. Overall, the laundry market in India is still untapped and unorganised. Industrial laundries generally require heavy capital investment in machinery and equipment for washing, spinning, ironing & drying besides land and property to set-up a laundry. Since laundry market in India is dominated by the small local laundry stores and local dhobis, they are not equipped to handle the huge capital requirement. Equipment for industrial laundry An industrial laundry would require equipment for: Washing Drying Ironing * The type of equipment to be purchased would be depend on the volumes that the laundry expects from potential clientele on a daily basis. Equipment for industrial laundries are available in different sizes with varying capacities. Equipment are available in the market for small, medium as well as large industrial laundries. Equipment for industrial laundries should optimise the washing system considering criteria such as: * Usage of appropriate washing machinery which would guarantee maximum efficiency with appropriate wash cycles, high spin capacity and minimum energy consumption * Drier equipment should assure proper drying in the least amount of time with minimum energy consumption * Flatwork ironers capable of absorbing the production of the driers to assure a high quality press * Automation of the laundry handling processes in order to save personnel costs and increase productivity Stages in industrial laundry An industrial laundry generally involves five stages namely: * Soiled Retrieval The linen collected usually is dropped down a laundry chute. Laundry workers collect the soiled linen, in reserved carts and transport it to the laundry facility. * Soil Sorting The retrieved linen is unloaded and sorted. Different items often require different washing formulas. Heavy or bio hazardous stains such as blood and faeces may require longer wash times and stronger formulas. Large institutions often use a production-line method for soil sorting, with several full-time employees assigned to the task. Since soiled linen may be contaminated with biohazards or sharp objects, employees involved in the sorting process are required to use personal protective equipment and standard safety precautions. * Washing The sorted linen is weighed according to the washing machine’s load limit. Certified washer operator loads and unloads the large washing machines, decides what is to be washed according to the laundry’s schedule and monitors the chemical levels in the water. Since modern tunnel washers monitor their own chemical levels and unload linen directly into the laundry’s clean area, the operator is required only to load the linen. Over the past 20 years, many industrial laundries have switched from conventional washers to tunnel washers, also called continuous-batch washers. Since tunnel washers don’t have to be stopped for loading and unloading of linen, they provide a more continuous flow of clean laundry. Higher-volume facilities which may process over 15,000kg of linen per day often rely heavily on tunnel washers * Processing The clean linen is dried, ironed and folded. Some items, such as towels and blankets, are put through a dryer until they are no longer damp, then sent to mechanical folders. Wet work items, such as sheets, are sent through steam-powered ironers which dry, press and fold them. Ironers use heavy steam-heated rollers to dry the linen while pressing out wrinkles. Some items, such as wash cloths, may be too small to be handled mechanically. These items must be packaged by hand. * Packaging & Distribution The processed linen is prepared for delivery. Individual orders are filled, based on the needs and requests of the laundry’s customers and sent to the laundry’s main distribution points and storage areas. Linen not used for orders is placed in storage areas, giving the facility a reserve of clean laundry. Trained delivery people transport the clean linen back to the customers. This is a skilled position, since the delivery person must have a thorough knowledge of both laundry operation and the principles of good customer service. In hospitals, delivery people must be familiar with patient relations, confidentiality policies. Large institutions will usually employ several full-time delivery people. Eco-friendly Chemicals Halide Chemicals has launched a new range of eco-friendly laundry chemicals. The complete professional range consists of 10 products in powder and liquid formulations. The Laundro Det and Boost-E is a powder detergent and booster; Laundro Mulse-E is a liquid emulsifier for F&B laundry; Laundro Bleach-O s a powder oxygen bleach for coloured and whites; Laundro Rinse is a liquid organic neutralising rinse; Laundro Complete is a powder all-in-one detergent and oxygen bleach for coloured and whites; Laundrokleen is a liquid all-in-one detergent for guest and domestic laundry; Laundro Soft is a liquid softener for towels and linen; Laundro Soft-N is a liquid 2-in-1 neutraliser and softener for towels and linen; Laundro Chlor-10 is a liquid chlorine bleach 10% for white linen and Laundro Rinse-C is a liquid neutralizing rinse after chlorine bleaching. The range is phosphate free. The base detergent is free from slurry based detergents and made from biodegradable surfactants. Haylide has used organic biodegradable acids in rinses & softeners in place of harmful, inorganic and traditional laundry rinses. The oxygen bleaches and all-in-one single shot formulations reduce cycles of bleach and rinse. The softener range with combination of cationic & water soluble silicones provide softest results. The emulsifier for F&B stains is biodegradable and utilises denatured ethanol in place of IPA as a natural solvent.

How are individualism and collectivism presented in Ayn Rand’s “Anthem” and Yevgeny Zamyatin’s “We”? Essay

Early twentieth century literature saw the invention of the dystopian literature genre, which is characterized by a society that has become dysfunctional due to a particular philosophical flaw, in this case, altruism and collectivism. This essay investigates how the themes of individualism and collectivism are portrayed in two early twentieth century works: Yevgeny Zamyatin’s We and Ayn Rand’s Anthem. We was selected as the subject of investigation due to its originality – Zamyatin was considered the inventor of the modern dystopia. Anthem’s selection was due to its common themes with We, but naturally different treatment of the themes. Specifically, the essay addresses how the treatment of these themes fit in context with the writers’ backgrounds and then-current societal trends, how the settings are structured such that individualism is oppressed, the flaws of these settings, as well as how dormant individualism is reestablished in plot and characterization. The investigation concludes with the evaluation that the treatment of individualism and collectivism differs in setting but is similar in characterization and plot, both showing how such societies are dysfunctional in that pure collectivism and altruism are values that are incompatible with the human soul. It also raises questions concerning Zamyatin’s influence on Rand and the converse ethicality of the works. It is almost universally true that in every major culture or religion, selfishness is regarded as a trait undesirable and immoral in its very core. Society labels selflessness a crucial virtue, but in truth, nothing is that black and white. To conform completely to this fallacy ignores what makes up a human being. Individualism is innate, and societies that seek to eradicate it are doomed to fail. The early twentieth century was a significant time in both history and literature. Marxist ideologies were gaining momentum during this time, as the global community saw the birth of the Soviet Union, a controversial manifestation of an altruist ‘utopia.’ These ideas surrounding Marxism and its perspective of utopian society were consequently expressed in literature of the time, birthing dystopian literature, in which the ideas of individualism and collectivism are fundamental. The treatment of these themes in literature is significant due to their human-centric natures. The contextual and philosophical weight of the themes further reinforces its significance. The universalities found in these works also show a common base of the human psyche, in that both works were similarly written in response to then-current world issues. Even though political significance has faded away in time, today there is still plenty debate surrounding the importance of self-recognition in every culture. These works carry with them an insightful ethical message concerning how we ought to live as humans. Although individualism and collectivism is core in dystopian literature, the writers convey these themes differently, each producing their own distinctive portrayal of Marxist ambition gone rogue. Ayn Rand’s Anthem and Yevgeny Zamyatin’s We use plot, characterization, setting, and symbolism to show that the ‘soullessness’ necessitated with collectivism and altruism is incompatible with human nature. CONTEXT Both works were likely written as the authors’ personal criticism of the flaws of Marxist Russia and collectivism. Due to the varying nature of the authors’ personal backgrounds and experiences with Marxism, the treatments of the themes in the works are different. For this reason context is worthy of discussion. We was written by Yevgeny Zamyatin, a Russian engineer, in 1920-21 (Zamyatin). In 1917, Bolsheviks, a Marxist party, took control of Russia, finally establishing the USSR in 1922 (Colton). We is Zamyatin’s own warning of how then-future Marxist Russia would be like once the Bolsheviks were to actually reign. These ideas, which include the rationalization of labor and ambitions for space exploration – both of which indeed, were or became realities – are central to the work. Zamyatin himself was once a Bolshevik before betraying it, and is thus likely to have supported some Bolshevik ideas, since ideas such as space exploration and rationalization of labor are described in positive light in We through the INTEGRAL and OneState’s technological advancement (Kukushkina). Ayn Rand, a Russian-born naturalized American citizen, wrote Anthem fifteen years after the We’s conception. Like We, Anthem is Rand’s personal interpretation of sustained communism in the USSR. The USA, renowned for its principle of individual liberty is likely to have influenced Rand, who herself found Objectivism, a philosophy advocating individualism, the importance of ‘ego,’ while strongly opposing collectivism (Messenger). On objectivism, she states: My philosophy is the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life, with productive achievement as his noblest activity, and reason as his only absolute (About Objectivism). These ideas are reflected strongly in Anthem, which satirizes society in which productivity and reason are rejected in favor of communism. Rand and Zamyatin’s similarly Russian but different occupational backgrounds are attributable to the works’ thematic similarities but different styles. Although both works satire collective society, We is written in a humorous and sardonic tone, while Anthem’s tone is dark and desolate. Zamyatin’s engineering-background, Bolshevik experience, and future conflicts with the Bolsheviks enabled him to be more objective, contrary to Rand’s idealistic approach against collectivism, influenced by her background as a philosopher. Additionally, the works were written during different times. We’s earlier conception made the industrial revolution a more socially relevant issue, hence We’s industrially-advanced setting. The momentum had likely already disappeared at Anthem’s conception. OPPRESSION OF THE SOUL AND EGO Individualism is core in both We and Anthem, although they are represented differently, as soul and ego, respectively. Both words denote the individual; the sense of self that makes people human. Both works portray societies aimed at removing this soul and ego from its citizens in favor of altruistic collectivism, in which the people serve only one purpose: to serve the collective state. OneState is futuristic and technologically advanced. It stresses the importance of talent and intelligence, shown through the prevalent motif of mathematics, and emphasis on the prestige of D-503’s job as an engineer for the INTEGRAL. In OneState, humans – in which intellect and talent is integral to their existence – are made altruistic and used by OneState as mere tools for the good of the state, as seen in these passages: Everyone who feels himself capable of doing so is required to compose treatises, epic poems, manifestos, odes, or other compositions dealing with the beauty and grandeur of OneState (Zamyatin 3). Zamyatin’s objectivity is seen in OneState’s depiction as an anti-utopia rather than dystopia, as he acknowledges likelihood that then-current political conditions may accommodate rapid technological advancement, albeit with fatal, dehumanizing repercussions. Dystopias and anti-utopias differ in that dystopias literally mean ‘bad place,’ whereas anti-utopia means an originally utopian place with a fatal flaw, and these differences are seen in the two contrasting settings (Dystopia). Zamyatin’s technologically advanced depiction of OneState alludes to the industrial revolution, which itself gave rise to communism with the rise of proletarians. (Engels) With the industrial revolution’s emphasis on productivity, humans in We are literally dehumanized and used as machines for the productivity of the state in order to fulfill this need. They are described as, â€Å"Not men but some kind of tractors in human form (Zamyatin 182).† Oppositely, Anthem occurs in a dystopian, dark, intellectually stunted future where technologies have been abandoned. This primitivism is caused by hazards of inequality and prejudices associated with the presence of any form of intellectual-superiority, as stated here: It was not that the learning was too hard for us. It was that the learning was too easy†¦ It is not good to be different from our brothers, but it is evil to be superior to them (Rand 23). Rejection of intellect is ironic as it reverses what is perceived to be good in conventional norms, and serves to reinforce the dysfunctional nature of a collective society brought to its extreme. In the works’ settings, the application of technological development and intellect define how the sense of self is deprived. Despite contrasting dissimilarities in the technological setting of the works, both are due to society’s false perceptions of what is good, and both dehumanize people into purely altruistic beings. We’s rationalization of labor and high value on utilitarian citizens eliminates D-503’s freedom to think humanly, dehumanizing him into mere force of productivity – OneState’s mathematician. Anthem’s oppression of thought eliminates Prometheus’ identity as an individual – someone with individual intellect, superiorities, and desires. Both works represented altruism as self-sacrifice and a loss of freedom and identity. Anthem and We’s settings’ differences are also influenced by the authors’ personal views. Zamyatin believes that the state does not suffer from selflessness. In fact, the industrialization of human intellect leads into significant progress, but the individuals who constitute for the state are the ones that suffer. Conversely, Rand’s idealism is expressed in her conveying altruism as fatal to both the state and its people. Although OneState encourages intellect and talent, imagination is prohibited, similar to Anthem’s prohibition of innovation. Imagination’s absence in OneState establishes a satirical paradox, which Zamyatin uses to criticize its elimination. Conventionally, imagination and creativity is necessary in the arts, but the opposite is true in OneState, as said by D-503: Why is the dance beautiful? Answer: because it is non-free movement, because all the fundamental significance of the dance lies precisely in its aesthetic subjection, its ideal nonfreedom (Zamyatin 6). Imagination and innovation are incompatible with a collective society because they are strictly individual. Chopin’s compositions are unique to his own musical imagination, as Beethoven’s are to his own. One’s own sense of imagination or innovation cannot be shared with another’s and therefore must be eliminated, as stated in this excerpt from Anthem in which Prometheus’ invention is rejected: What is not thought by all men cannot be true†¦ What is not done collectively cannot be good†¦ Many men in the Homes of the Scholars have had strange new ideas in the past†¦ but when the majority of their brother Scholars voted against them, they abandoned their ideas, as all men must (Rand 73). Like Zamyatin, Rand censures collective society by constructing a case so absurdly opposing what humans typically define as good – in this case, innovation. Like the arts, rigidity is also found in numerical names, which exist in both societies to ensure that individuals cannot be easily differentiated from each other. For example, D-503 would not be easily differentiated with another individual with a name: D-504. Words connoting collectivity, such as Equality, and Union are selected for names with intentions of emphasizing the residents’ non-identities as an insignificant part of a collective society. Numbers are also meaningless and have no ties with emotions that may suggest any singularity, which opposes conventional belief that names are a part of man’s own identity, and for that matter, his existence. Similarly, dealing with speech, censorship of words exists in Anthem. Words connoting individualism, such as ‘ego’ and ‘I’ are removed from their society to make thinking as an individual impossible. However, Prometheus’ ultimate discovery of these obscure words is used to show how ego is too human to be suppressed that censorship would not work: The word which can never die on this earth, for it is the heart of it and the meaning of glory. The sacred word: EGO (Rand 105). Imagination and innovation, which are incompatible with these societies, are suppressed in both We and Anthem through indoctrination. Imagination, which is equated to a soul, is deemed an illness in OneState, and Prometheus’ â€Å"selfish† desire to innovate in Anthem is considered a sin. Absoluteness is equated to happiness in OneState, and D-503 ultimately rejects this idea. Equality is equated to happiness in Anthem, and Prometheus similarly rejects this idea when he disobeys the Council’s schedules to pursue his own intellectual ventures. Imagination and innovation are shown to be instinctive, becoming catalysts for conflict in both works. This again places emphasis on how much innate human behavior must be suppressed for collective societies to ‘function,’ and how even so, this suppression is not sustainable. Although intellect is related to imagination, there is a significant difference between the two. While mathematical intellect is absolute and clearly defined, imagination lacks the absoluteness that is crucial for OneState to function. This absoluteness is reflected in the aforementioned description of the non-free dance. Both settings are strictly planned to ensure the predictability that is necessary for every member of society to be as one. OneState’s residents, for example, begin and end their days at the same time, march in complete unison each day, following the plans set for them by the Table of Hours, similar to how Anthem’s residents also follow schedules set by the Councils. The system of regimented living is, however, flawed, shown when MEPHI revolutions occur in OneState. Systematic predictability conflicts with the unpredictability and spontaneity that are characteristic of humans. When the march during the typically unanimous reelection of the Benefactor is disturbed, chaos occurs in OneState. Slight discrepancies are amplified in an environment ill suited for impulsiveness. The guardians exist to reinforce regimentation, but they cannot with ease. This chaos shows how individualism cannot exist in a collective state, as collectivism necessitates everything’s sameness, despite how different people really are. The revolution was accompanied by I-330’s quote: â€Å"The number of revolutions is infinite,† which reinforces the instability of such totalitarian states (Zamyatin 168). Because predictability and togetherness is needed in both societies, the rationing of sex and the elimination of love is necessitated. Use of in-vitro-fertilization in both societies removes the existence of families. In Anthem, for example, preference is a transgression, and everybody is referred to as ‘brothers.’ Here, the word ‘brother’ does not denote familial relationship, rather equality, since the word ‘brother’ implies likeness to one another. As with other things, sex is also rationed and made technical in We with the use of pink tickets. The presence of multiple sex partners in We serves to make intercourse impersonal and non-exclusive. A monogamous sexual relationship is likely to cause love, which cannot exist in these societies where everyone belongs to each other because love can only occur between two selves. The absence of sex in Anthem’s society is significant, as despite its absence, libido remains extant. Gender segregation is employed to control this, although this is found to be unsuccessful with Prometheus and Gaea’s relationship, which showed how such a system would be unsustainable. This removal of love and sexuality from society contradicts with the conventional idea of happiness. Marriage and family are arguably requisite for mental well-being. Like imagination and innovation, love is universal and found in every culture – genetically predisposed and irremovable from human instinct. Zamyatin and Rand illustrate how collective, loveless societies cannot exist, as love and sexuality are innately human and cannot be eliminated. Like imagination and innovation, the rejection of love in these societies contains an element of absurdity, which leads the readers into believing that collective society is absurd. Additionally, the excessive suppression of human character, which causes these societies to become unsustainable, also shows that collectivism has too many flaws to work correctly. FUTILITY OF PROGRESS AND SYMBOLISM OF TIME Enlightenment philosopher Rousseau once said, â€Å"Slaves lose everything in their chains, even the desire of escaping from them (Rousseau).† Philosophers do not invent ideas, simply stating observations of human nature. It is thus significant to see how despite the centurial time gap between Zamyatin, Rand, and Rousseau, this very same philosophy is mirrored in their works, indicating a universal perspective on human nature. The citizens are able to see clearly past the ‘green wall’ surrounding OneState, where nature has taken control. Despite the people’s awareness of the outside world, they remain in OneState. Similarly, the Dark Forest in Anthem represents a time barrier back to the Unmentionable Times, in which residents can easily go past it, but do not choose to do so, as apparent in this passage: We were in the Uncharted Forest. We had not thought of coming here, but our legs had carried our wisdom, and our legs had brought us to the Uncharted Forest against our will (Rand 75). Both works anticipate that censorship and general indoctrination would cause society to become so unfamiliar with their old, free pasts, that they will not desire their pasts even if they see it. The idle and content nature of the citizens mirror how the general Soviet populace during the time was, in actuality, supporting socialism. These symbolic time barriers allow irony in the plots. D-503’s association with I-330 and rejection of OneState leads him out past the green wall into the MEPHI – who themselves represent naturalness in their nudity. The forest in We represents a more primitive past, and D-503’s desire to move into the forest suggests that a without a soul, technological advancement would be futile and would all eventually go to waste. The stated passage from Anthem supports the idea that despite indoctrination, ‘wisdom’ would ultimately result in ‘returning to the past.’ The forest in Anthem is the opposite of We’s. The hut where Prometheus and Gaea eventually settle in signifies a more technologically advanced past and forgotten knowledge. Their ultimate escape to the technologically superior forest connotes that a collective society such as that found in Anthem would cause progress – represented by technology – to be backwards. The forests’ appropriateness as a symbol of the past is due to its direct relation with nature, which contrasts artificiality. These future dystopias are depicted as socially unnatural and simulated, so it is apt for nature to signify what is natural and normal. Supported by symbolic juxtaposition of forests and artificial society, Anthem and We anticipates an ultimate return to normal, non-collective society, foreshadowed by the protagonists’ escapes from the collective societies in the works. Time alludes to human rediscovery. While We is placed in a setting over a millennium ahead of time, Anthem is likely to have occurred earlier, since it is placed only after typical social systems are rejected in favor of collectivism. Historically, new economic philosophies tend to gain peak popularity in only two to three centuries. Modern capitalism, for example, gained momentum in the mid-eighteenth century and reached its peak popularity in the twentieth century (Peterson). Since Anthem’s society represents the peak of collectivism, its setting is unlikely to have been placed past the twenty-second century. The time settings relates to the social settings of the works. Anthem’s earlier society is shown to be generally content with the collective nature of their lives, because the state hasn’t lived for long enough and the people’s repressed ‘egos’ have yet to reappear. We’s later society is shown to have had more time to become discontented, thus the existence of the MEPHI. Anthem’s plot and protagonist marks the beginning of revolution, whereas We’s plot and protagonist is caught up in the middle of revolution. This trend establishes the fact that in time, the ‘soul’ naturally becomes reestablished. DISINTEGRATION OF ALTRUISTIC ATTITUDES This very reestablishment of ‘soul’ occurs in both We and Anthem as the works’ plot progresses. In fact, plot development in the works primarily concern the protagonist’s discovery of past ideas of freedom, individualism, love, and a subsequent rejection of societal collectivity in this ‘enlightenment’ and realization of the incompatibilities of their egotistic desires with the constraints of their collective societies. We is written as a series of D-503’s journal entries, originally intended to spread OneState’s philosophies in their conquests of space exploration with the building of the INTEGRAL. D-503’s personal pride as a mathematician for OneState is ironic considering his eventual betrayal of the state. Zamyatin employs this irony as means of describing how even the most loyal followers of the state would eventually reject its ideas once ‘enlightened.’ Anthem is similarly written using first-person narration to give personal insight into the development of their ‘souls.’ However, the nature of the conflict differs greatly, which implicates the protagonists’ societal roles, and the works’ settings. Both protagonists in We and Anthem reject their communities because of a desire to be something they cannot be in their societies. These desires are shown to grow coinciding with their discovery of their souls or egos. In We, D-503’s infatuation with I-330 and consequent links to the MEMPHI leads him into abandoning his loyalty to OneState. As I-330’s reintroduces him to love and life outside OneState, he is essentially re-humanized as he develops an imagination and finds life to have more purpose than serving OneState. In Anthem, Prometheus’ initial unhappiness with his role as a street sweeper conflicts with his need to contribute to society. However, Gaea’s relationship only re-humanizes Prometheus partly. Instead, he is mainly reawakened through discovery of his sense of innovation. The plots are structured this way because for conflict to occur there must be an incompatibility between the protagonists and their societies. Both societies cannot accommodate humans with souls, and the souls are developed using love, imagination, and innovation. These motifs are used in the works for ‘enlightenment,’ because they are predominant parts of normal society and are considered key parts of the individualistic soul. They are shown to be inherent as they develop naturally with interaction between chief characters. Women are used as catalysts for ‘enlightenment’ in both works due the exclusively individualistic nature of intimate relationships. Names are also used symbolically in the female catalysts. ‘Liberty’ and ‘I’ denote freedom and individuality, respectively. Both Gaea and I-330 possess individualistic traits and encourage individualism in the protagonists’ part. Gaea, however, is more passive than I-330, who must give more effort to reestablish D-503’s much-dormant soul, compared to Prometheus’ already apparent desire for self-worth. This encouragement of individualistic values is apparent in dialogue from both works, as such in anthem: â€Å"Your eyes,† Gaea said, â€Å"are not like the eyes of any among men (Rand 44),† The statement acknowledges Prometheus’ difference from his ‘brothers’ and marks the beginning of their relationship. OneState does not prohibit intersexual relationship. In fact, it presets them to exist, acknowledging sexual instinct’s inevitability. However, these relationships are kept strictly sexual. D-503’s relationship with O-90 is non-romantic, as was his with I-330 initially. D-503 and O-90 only acknowledge each other as sexual products, and any singularity is disregarded with the presence of multiple sex partners. R-13 is used as an obstruction of exclusivity, which O-90 sees that D-503’s functions can be substituted with R-13’s, therefore disregarding any singularity. I-330’s relationship with D-503 is different in that her character is described as wild and rebellious – distinctly different from other OneState residents and of a strong ego. I-330 acknowledges herself as a singular being – one that wants D-503 as more than just a sexual being – and through her D-503’s dormant soul is reestablished. It is implied that only with the acknowledgement of individuality can love occur, which further emphasizes the importance of individuality for happiness, which is normally associated with love. D-503 and I-330 are a study of contrasts. D-503 represents OneState’s ideals – altruistic, intelligent, and socially beneficial. Contrariwise, I-330 represents the antithesis. Her association with the MEPHI, and her ‘irrational’ nonconformist spirit of self-awareness, independence, and unrestraint – expressed in her smoking and drinking, things deemed forbidden by OneState – contradicts OneState’s ideals. For this very reason, D-503 initially disdains her. However, as their relationship matures, D-503 does not change I-330’s personality. Instead, the contrary occurs. This indicates that I-330’s nature is more in line with human nature. She sees nothing in his nature that evokes a desire for self-reform, but he sees something in her that he comes to desire. Zamyatin shows that the dominant trait is the more human one, suggesting that the characters of individualism and independence are more human than selflessness and confo rmism. CONCLUSION The popularity of dystopian literature in the early twentieth century indicates a worldwide panic of totalitarian states, in which individual freedom is seized that even the freedom to be human is lost to the state. Without doubt, this panic is a sensible one. The societies depicted in the dystopian novels, Anthem and We, where collectivity is rampant, and humans are without their souls and egos, are the quintessence of a repressive Hades. What’s striking is that aside from slight dissimilarities of style, setting, and circumstance surrounding ‘enlightenment,’ both works use similar narration and plot based on the reestablishment of the soul and ego through love, imagination, and innovation, as well as use of females as catalysts for ‘enlightenment.’ For one, these similarities indicate universality on the authors’ perspectives concerning human nature and the inevitability of individualism. Secondly, they raise the question of whether or not We may have, in fact, influenced Anthem, a possibility that warrants further investigation. As said, nothing is entirely black and white. By nature, humans are double-faceted. They are both individualistic and altruistic, and neither trait can be suppressed. D-503’s patriotism and nationalism does dehumanize him, but his lack of individualism does. Prometheus’ innovation is based on both the altruistic desire to contribute to his society, and the need for self-recognition. The extreme collectivism in these works leads to profound introspection of the other end of the spectrum. Here, collectivism has gone unbridled, but how about an individualistic nightmare, for a change? How about a world without â€Å"We,† but only an evil â€Å"I† cancerously devouring man’s own existence? BIBLIOGRAPHY PRIMARY SOURCES Rand, Ayn. Anthem. New York: First Plume Printing, 1999. Zamyatin, Yevgeny. We. Trans. Clarence Brown. New York: Penguin Group, 1993. SECONDARY SOURCES â€Å"About Objectivism.† The Atlas Society. 11 March 2008 . Colton, Timothy J. â€Å"Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.† Microsoft Student 2007 [DVD] . Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006. â€Å"Dystopia.† 28 May 1998. Words at Random. 13 March 2008 . Engels, Frederick. â€Å"The Communist Manifesto.† October-November 1847. Project Gutenberg. 22 April 2007 . Kukushkina, Tatyana. â€Å"The â€Å"Twists and Turns† of Yevgeny Zamyatin’s Life.† The Brilliant Disk (n.d.): 32-42. Messenger, Christian K. â€Å"Ayn Rand.† Microsoft Student 2007 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006. Peterson, Wallace C. â€Å"Capitalism.† Microsoft Student 2007 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006. Rousseau, Jean Jacques. â€Å"Rousseau: Social Contract: Book 1.† Constitution Society. 11 March 2008 .

What You Need to Know About Weekend MBA Programs

What You Need to Know About Weekend MBA Programs A weekend MBA program is a part-time business degree program with class sessions that are held on the weekend, usually on Saturdays. The program results in a Master of Business Administration degree. Weekend MBA programs are typically campus-based but may incorporate some form of distance learning, such as video-based lectures or online discussion groups. Most weekend MBA programs are just that: programs that take place on the weekend. However, there are some programs that have weekend and evening classes. Programs like this have classes on the weekend as well as classes that take place in the evening on weekdays. Types of Weekend MBA Programs There are two basic types of weekend MBA programs: the first is a traditional MBA program for students who would enroll in a typical MBA degree program, and the second is an executive MBA program. An executive MBA program, or EMBA, is specifically designed for corporate executives, managers, and other working professionals with extensive work experience. Although work experience can vary, most executive MBA students have 10-15 years of work experience on average. Many executive MBA students also receive full or partial company sponsorship, meaning that they typically receive some form of tuition reimbursement. Top Business Schools With Weekend MBA Programs There are a growing number of business schools offering weekend MBA programs. Some of the top business schools in the country offer this program option for people who want to attend school part-time. Some examples include: The University of Chicago Booth School of Business: At Chicago Booth, students meet every Saturday for 11 weeks at a time and earn an MBA degree in 2.5 to 3 years. The curriculum for the weekend MBA program is the same as the curriculum for the full-time MBA program.The University of California Berkeley Haas School of Business: At Berkeley Haas, students can choose from a weekend or evening schedule for MBA classes and could earn their degree in as little as 2.5 years. Weekend MBA classes are held on Saturdays in the spring and fall, but year-round activities are available.Kellogg School of Management at Northwest University: Kelloggs weekend MBA program takes place on Saturdays, but students can choose to take evening classes in addition to weekend classes. There are two weekend MBA options: traditional pace and accelerated. The traditional option takes 20.5 months to complete, while the accelerated option requires fewer credits and evening classes and takes 15.5 months to complete. Pros and Cons of Weekend MBA Programs There are many good reasons to consider a weekend MBA program, but this education option might not be the best choice for everyone. Lets explore a few pros and cons of weekend MBA programs. Pros The biggest advantage of weekend MBA programs is that you can take all of your classes on the weekend, which makes it easier to work part-time or full-time while you earn your degree.A weekend MBA program may make it easier to attend a business school that is not located near your home. It is not unusual for MBA students to fly in from somewhere else for weekend classes.Some full-time MBA programs take two years to complete. You can often earn your degree in the same amount of time (or close to it) as you would in a full-time program by attending part-time weekend MBA programs.Some weekend MBA programs allow you to reduce your tuition costs. In other words, you might pay less for a weekend MBA program than you would for a traditional, full-time MBA program. Cons Classes might take place just one day per week in a weekend MBA program, but you will have to put in work on other days of the week to keep up with your studies.Being able to put what you learn into practice right away in an advantage for students who work while they attend school, but it is also important to remember that it can be exhausting to work and study at the same time. Furthermore, there will come a day when you have to choose between work and academic commitments, and one is likely to suffer because of your choice.Students in full-time programs sometimes get the opportunity to spend more time with their cohorts, which is conducive to relationship building. In a weekend MBA program, you may not have as many opportunities to network or make friends.

Best College Acceptance Calculator Learn Your Admission Chances

Best College Acceptance Calculator Learn Your Admission Chances SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Anyone who’s applied to college remembers the fear of getting that dreaded rejection letter. (For the record, I got two- and they both stung. A lot.) But what if you could calculate your chances of college acceptance before you applied? The good news is that you can! Ourcollege acceptance calculator uses your GPA and SAT/ACT score to estimate your likelihood of getting accepted to a particular school.But aside from GPA and test scores, what other critical factors affect your chance of admission?Read on to learn what schools look for during the admission process as well as how you can raise your chance of acceptance by submitting a strong application. What Factors Affect Your Chance of Acceptance? College applications have several components, with each part playing a crucial role in determining whether or not you'll be admitted. But just how important a role one part plays ultimately depends on where you're applying. Below, we go over the major factors that can influence your chance of admission to college, starting with the most important ones. #1: GPA and Rigor of Coursework Many experts agree that your GPA and the rigor of your course load are the most important factors in the college admission process. According to theNational Association for College Admission Counseling's (NACAC)2017 State of College Admission report, 77% of the schools surveyed rated grades in college prep courses, as well as grades in all courses, considerably important, and52%said the same for the overall strength of a student's high school curriculum.As these statistics indicate, most colleges consider grades and rigor of coursework extremely significant factors in admission. Good grades are so important because they emphasize your overall diligence as a student. But it'snot always just about getting straight As; rather, schools want to see that you're consistently challenging yourself to learn complex concepts. Your ability toperform well in upper-level classes indicates your preparedness for college-level coursework. So for some colleges, a B in an AP class might be viewed just as highly as, if not higher than, an A in a regular class. #2: SAT/ACT Test Scores Another critical factor for admission- ranked considerably important by 54% of schools in the NACAC survey- is SAT/ACT test scores. Generally speaking, admission test scores are just as, or nearly as, important as grades and rigor of coursework. But according to a US News interview with college-admission experts, the overall significance of SAT/ACT scores varies depending on the school. Some schools, particularly highly selective ones, largely emphasize test scores during the admission process. As a result, being able to hityour goal score on the SAT/ACT is often necessary for admission to these schools. Nevertheless, not all schools believe SAT/ACT scores are that important. In fact, many liberal arts colleges and national universities (even some highly ranked ones!) are test optional, meaning you are not required tosubmit test scores. #3: Personal Statement/Essay Next up is the admission essay, or personal statement.This essay is a critical component of your application, as it offers a personal glimpse into who you are as a person- something your transcripts and test scores can’t do alone. By allowing you to address and explain specific challenges you’ve overcome and accomplishments you've made, either in your personal life or academic career, the personal statement gives you the opportunity todistinguish yourself from your peers. This is especially helpful as many applicants often look alike on paper, with similar grades and test scores. In the NACAC survey, 55% of schools rated the personal statement either moderately or considerably important for admission. Clearly, you'll need to write a great essay if you hope to raise your chances of admission! Extracurriculars? Well, for one, I was the slowest runner on my cross-country team. #4: Extracurricular Activities/Resume Most schools will require you to submit a resume or evidence of any extracurricular activities (e.g., sports, clubs, etc.), volunteer work, and/or part-time work you’ve completed outside of school. What this resume does is introduce to schoolsyour general interests and non-academic accomplishments. As you create your resume, remember the key motto: depth over breadth.Basically, you’re far more likely to stand out as an applicant if you're deeply focused on honing a certain skill or contributing to a certain cause than if you're simply jumping from one activity to another. More than anything, schools want a resume that highlights your ongoingpassion and commitment. According to NACAC, nearly half of the schools surveyed considered extracurricular activities moderately or considerably important.So hopefully you've got a couple of interesting hobbies or experiences you can add to your resume! #5: Letters of Recommendation Letters of recommendation are often a vital component of college applications. If required, you'll usually need to submit two letters.However, many large state schools, such as the University of Washington and the University of Texas, do not require letters of recommendation, so make sure to check your schools' application requirements to see whether you'll need to submit any. Your letters should come from teachers whose classes you've taken (core classes, such as math and English, are preferable) and/or your school counselor. Althoughyou won't be able to read what your teachers have written about you, a good letter will positively address key aspects of your personality and work ethic in a detailed and thoughtful manner. You should always choose letter writerswho know you well enough to comment on specific accomplishments you've made.Teachers who don’t know you that well are more likely to write lukewarm letters that don’t say anything unique about you and don't mention anything that isn’t already explicit on your transcripts and resume. Letters of recommendation can play an important role in the admission processbut are generally secondary to transcripts, test scores, and resumes. According to the NACAC survey, alittle more than 40% of schools considered both teacher recommendations and counselor recommendations moderately important, while less than 20% considered them considerably important. #6: Additional Test Scores (AP, IB, SAT Subject Test) Subject-specific tests, such as AP tests, IB tests, andSAT Subject Tests, differ from the SAT/ACT in that they showcase your mastery of particular skills and subject areas. The NACAC survey reports that 61% of schools said AP and IB tests were oflimited ormoderate importance. So whileAP and IB test scores aren’t usually requirements for admission, scoring highly on them could give a small boost to your application. Fewer students take SAT Subject Tests, however, which are only required by certain (selective) schools for admission. NACAC states that 70% of schools rated SAT Subject Test scores as having no importance at all, indicating that most schools do not ask for these scores. But for the schools that do require (or strongly recommend) SAT Subject Test scores, you should aim to get high scores on them, particularly if you’re taking any Subject Tests in the field in which you’re planning to major. Our guide offers a complete list of schools that require or recommend SAT Subject Test scores. I wasn't ranked No. 1 at school, but I'm always No. 1 in Mario Kart. #7: Class Rank Class rank is an admission factor that’s actually decreased in importance over time, as fewer high schools are beginning to calculate it. In 2006, 23% of schools surveyed by NACAC regarded class rank as considerably important, but by 2016 this number had dropped to just 9%. Despite this, if your school doescalculate class rank, your rank will likely be fairly important to your colleges. Even with its drop in importance over the past decade,33% of schools still consider class rank moderately or considerably important. #8: Other Factors Several additional factors can influence your chance of getting accepted to college. These factors vary with different schools, but here are some of the most common ones: Supplemental essays:Some schools might ask you to supply a supplemental essay detailing why you want to attend this particular school(we call this a â€Å"Why This College† essay). Portfolio: A portfolio is generally only required if you’re applying to an art-oriented program or school. For example, Champlain College in Vermont requires portfolios for undergraduate applicants in certain BS and BFA programs. Interview: Not many schools require interviews, but those that do want to see that you’re enthusiastic about the school and are as strong a candidate in person as you are on paper. Most Ivy League schools require evaluative interviews, while other selective schools might require or strongly recommend them. Legacy: Many schools, such as Harvard and Brown, will take into consideration whether you are a legacy student. (In most cases, "legacy" means that one or both of your parents attended the school for undergrad.) Legacy can be a tipping factor for schools trying to decide between two equally qualified candidates. Ethnic background: Many schools practice affirmative action and will therefore take into account your racial and/or ethnic status with the intention of increasing student diversity. Geographic location: Schools might also take into account where you come from so as to create a diverse class of students from a variety of states and countries. Athletic skills: Yourathletic skillsmight play a role in admission at certain schools. Some schools even recruit highly successful student-athletes based on their high school athletic careers. First-generation college student:Being afirst-generation college student means that your parents did not attend or complete college (regardless of whether your siblings did). Much like legacy, this can be a tipping factor in your favor during the admissions process. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Feeling lucky? College Acceptance Calculator: What Are Your Chances? While you can’t know for sure whether you’ll get into a school or not, you can use our college acceptance calculator tool, along with what we know about admission factors, to roughly calculate your college acceptance chances. First, go to Google and search for â€Å"[School Name] PrepScholar† or â€Å"[School Name] PrepScholar admission requirements.† You’ll want to find your school’s admission requirements page in our PrepScholar database. For example, here’s what came up when I searched for â€Å"pomona prepscholar†: Once you've clicked the link to your school’s admission requirements page, scroll down to the section titled â€Å"Admissions Calculator.†You can also use ctrl + F to search for â€Å"calculator† to jump to the section more quickly. On Pomona's admission requirements page, here's what the admissions calculator section looks like: As you can see in this screenshot, our calculator takes your SAT/ACT score and (weighted or unweighted) GPA to give you a percentage estimating your chance of acceptance. Note that this percentage, though helpful, is based only on your GPA and test scores anddoesn't take into account other critical admission factors, so itcan't be considered 100% accurate. The default SAT score and GPA on the calculator will be whatever the averages are for your particular school. (The default SAT score uses the old 2400 SAT scale, but you can change this to the current 1600 SAT scale by clicking "New SAT.") In my example above, the average (old) SAT score for students admitted to Pomona is 2160, and the average GPA of admitted students is 4.05. To calculate your chances of college acceptance, choose your test (old SAT, new SAT, or ACT) and then toggle the calculator so that it shows your test score.You can also type your score directly in the box to the right. Next, repeat these steps for your GPA. Note that the GPA scale here goes up to 5.0 to account for weighted GPAs. Input your GPA exactly as it is, regardless of whether your school uses a weighted or unweighted scale. So if your school uses unweighted GPAs (i.e., out of 4.0) and you have a 3.5, input 3.5 on the calculator. If, on the other hand, your school uses weighted GPAs and you have a 4.2, then you'd input 4.2. Let’s say I took the (current version of the) SAT and got a relatively high score of 1430. In addition, my (weighted) high schoolGPA is 4.5. According to our tool (and based purely on GPA and test scores), my chance of admission to Pomona would equal about 15%: As you can see, it'd be particularly tough for me to get into Pomona based on my current GPA and SAT test score alone. Even though my GPA and SAT score are quite high in this example, Pomona is an extremely selective school with only a 10% admittance rate. Therefore, in orderto increase my chances of admission,I'd need an extremely impressive SAT score and GPA (not to mention quality letters of recommendation, a strong personal statement, and a great resume!). Despite my low chance of admission, there's no guarantee that I couldn't get into Pomona with my current SAT score and GPA. What our college acceptance calculator shows is thatit's simply unlikelyfor me to get accepted with my current stats. As you use our college acceptance calculator, be aware thatyour test scores and GPA are not the only factors schools will consider during the admission process. Unfortunately, no college acceptance calculator can take into account the strength of non-quantifiable application components, such as your personal statement and resume. The best thing to do, then, is towork on ensuring that the rest of your application is equally strong, if not stronger, than your GPA and test scores. What's worse than a low chance of acceptance? A constant low battery. What If Your Chances of College Acceptance Are Low? What's considered a low chance of admission will vary depending on where you're applying. As we saw above, with highly selective schools- even if your SAT/ACT scores and GPA are quite high- your chance of admission could be low due to the low acceptance rate of the school. If you've used our college acceptance calculator but discovered your chances of admission aren't as high as you'd hoped they'd be,you’ll need to put extra effort into your application to increase your chances of getting accepted. Here are five ways you can improve your applicationand give yourself a better shot at admission: #1: Retake the SAT/ACT Though you can't change your GPA all that much, you can make big gains on your SAT/ACT test score with a little- OK, a lot- of elbow grease. Let's look back at myexample with Pomona. You can see that my initial chances of admission- with a 1430 SAT score- are about 15%.But let’s say I retake the SAT and score far higher the second time around. How much would my chances of admission increase as a result? The answer to this depends on how big of a point improvement I'm able to make. If I were to improve my SAT score by 100+ points and get a near-perfect score of 1580, my chance of admission, according to our calculator, would increase by a whopping 32%! Ultimately, what this means is that you might be able to dramatically increase your chances of admission by simply retaking the SAT/ACT and scoring higher on it. This is partly because SAT/ACT test scores are such an important part of college applications. (Remember, as the NACAC survey revealed, test scores are usually one of the most important factors, along with GPA and coursework difficulty.) But getting a higher SAT/ACT score isn’t always easy. To help you out, we offer completely customizable SAT and ACT prep programs. You can also read our guides on how to improve your SAT orACT score, and on how to get a perfect SATorACTscore. #2: Get Feedback on Your Essay Sometimes an excellent personal statement or â€Å"Why This College† essay can sway an admission committee’s decision in your favor, so it’s imperative you write acompelling and technically correct essay. Getting separate pairs of eyes to analyze your writing is key to ensuring your college essay is high quality. Ask yourteachers, parents, and/or counselor to look over your essay and offer detailed feedback on how you could improve it and what you could change to make it more impactful. Make sure you, too, meticulously check your essayfor any glaring errors in grammar, spelling, or punctuation before submitting it. For additional help,our guide offers 100+ samples of stellar personal statements. These essays will give you ideas as to what you should discuss in your essay and how you might want to organize your thoughts. #3: Get Letters of Recommendation From Teachers You’re Close With For your recommendations, askteachers who know you well and who are guaranteed to write passionately and enthusiastically about you in their letters. Ideally, you’ll have already pinpointed the teachers with whom you get along best and have forged a solid relationship. You should also have received consistently high marks in their classes. The best letters are those that can speak to positive qualities you possess and achievements you’ve made- in other words, elements about you that aren’t evident in your transcripts and test scores.You should aim to obtain letters from primarily (if not only) core-class teachers, including one whose field you're interested in studying in college. Remember, although letters of recommendation won't necessarily be the most important part of your application, they still play a valuable role in showcasing your accomplishments to colleges. In the end, a glowing letter can really boost your application and might even help get you into some of the toughest schools out there, such as Harvard. The teachers you're close with = those whom you can take cool, hipster, Inception-y photos with. #4: Get High Scores on AP, IB, and/or SAT Subject Tests If your SAT/ACT test scores aren’t as impressive as you would've liked, you can try to make up for them by submitting high AP, IB, and/or SAT Subject Test scores. Most schools do not require AP scores but will view them if submitted. You’ll usually self-report these on your application, whichallows you to select the specific AP scores you want (and don't want) to report to your school. For example, if you scored 5s on AP US History andAP English Literature and Composition but only a 2 on AP Bio, reporting only your highest scores- and omitting your AP Bio score- will let you present yourself in a more flattering light. On a related note, if you scored relatively high on an AP or IB test whose field is related to the major you want to do, definitely report this score on your application.This score will indicate to your school that you have the basic knowledge and skills necessary for success in your chosen field of study. As for SAT Subject Tests, only certain (selective) schools will require these scores. Schools that want SAT Subject Test scores usually require (or strongly recommend) you to take two or three tests. If you’re already taking AP courses, it might be easier to opt for Subject Tests in the same fields as your AP classes. Doing this should give you a higher chance of securing solid SAT Subject Test scores since you’ll already be studying the material full-time in school. #5: Ace Your Interview (If You Have One) As is the case with SAT Subject Tests, most schools do not require evaluative interviews. But if your school is one of the few thatrequires or strongly recommends an interview, doing well on it can strengthen your application and produce a clearer, more well-rounded picture of who you are and what you hope to accomplish in college. Treat the interview as an opportunity to showcase your demonstrated interest in the school. According to NACAC, half of respondents ranked â€Å"Student’s Demonstrated Interest† in a school as moderately or considerably important for admission. So as youanswer questions during the interview, be clear about how the school will help you attain your academic goals and why you’ve chosen this particular school. Most of all, be sincere. Recap: What Are Your Chances of Getting Accepted? There are many factors that affect your chances of getting accepted to college. Generally speaking, the most important factors are your GPA, the rigor of your coursework, and your SAT/ACT test score. Secondary factors include your personal statement, extracurricular activities, letters of recommendation, and class rank. To (roughly) calculate your college acceptance chances, look for your school’s â€Å"Admission Requirements† page in our PrepScholar database and use its â€Å"Admissions Calculator† to see what your chances of getting in are, based on your current GPA and SAT/ACT score. Note, though, that our college acceptance calculator can only give you a rough estimate of your chances of acceptance. Because there's no way to take into account non-quantifiable factors such as your personal statement and letters of recommendation, no college acceptance calculator can ever be100% accurate.That said, you can use our calculator to help determine whether you might need to work on strengthening other areas of your application. If your chances of admission are low, try to improve your application as best you can. Some options to consider are retaking the SAT/ACT and aiming for a higher score, obtaining strong letters of recommendation from teachers who know you well, and getting feedback on your essays. In the end, it's impossible to know for sure whether you’ll get accepted to a certain school or not.But by putting forth your best application possible, you can give yourself a far higher chance of acceptance- not to mention the satisfaction that you gave it your all! As Tim Allen once said, "Never give up, never surrender." What’s Next? Need help applying to college? Start by reading our extensive guide onhow to apply to college. After,get tips onhow to build a versatile college application so that you can apply to a broad range of colleges without getting overwhelmed. What's a good SAT score for college? A good ACT score?A good GPA?Our guides offer tons of information on how high you'll need to aim in order to get into the schools you wish to attend. Aiming for a super selective school?Get expert tips in our guide to getting into Harvard- written by an actual Harvard alum! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: